In the 20th century, the discovery of several synthetic insecticides, such as DDT, and herbicides boosted this development. With the industrialisation and mechanization of agriculture in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the introduction of the insecticides pyrethrum and derris, chemical pest control became widespread. This led the way to a widespread acceptance of insecticides across the continent. After much discussion, arsenical compounds were used to control the beetle and the predicted poisoning of the human population did not occur. Modern pest control was stimulated by the spread across the United States of the Colorado potato beetle. Red weaver ants, here feeding on a snail, have been used to control pests in China, Southeast Asia, and Africa for many centuries.Ĭhemical pesticides were first used around 2500 BC, when the Sumerians used sulphur compounds as insecticides. Alternatively, various methods of biological control can be used including sterilisation programmes. Control of these pests is attempted through exclusion, repulsion, physical removal or chemical means. In homes and urban environments, the pests are the rodents, birds, insects and other organisms that share the habitat with humans, and that feed on and spoil possessions. Where possible, biological means are used, encouraging the natural enemies of the pests and introducing suitable predators or parasites. This can be achieved by monitoring the crop, only applying insecticides when necessary, and by growing varieties and crops which are resistant to pests. Ploughing and cultivation of the soil before sowing mitigate the pest burden and there is a modern trend to limit the use of pesticides as far as possible. In agriculture, pests are kept at bay by cultural, chemical and biological means.
Pest control measures may be performed as part of an integrated pest management strategy. The human response depends on the importance of the damage done and will range from tolerance, through deterrence and management, to attempts to completely eradicate the pest.
Pest control is the regulation or management of a species defined as a pest, a member of the animal kingdom that impacts adversely on human activities. An agricultural aircraft applies low-insecticide bait against western corn rootworm.
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